There are several distinct styles, each with its own characteristics, emphasis, and historical lineage. The five main traditional styles are:

Chen Style - Probably the oldest form of Tai Chi, originating in the Chen Village in Henan Province, China, in the 17th century (or possibly earlier). Chen style is characterized by alternating slow and fast movements, with more obvious martial applications. It incorporates explosive power techniques (called "Fajin"), spiralling movements, and lower stances than other styles. Chen style maintains more obvious martial elements, including jumps, kicks, and strikes.

Yang Style - Developed in the 19th century by Yang Luchan (1799-1872), this is now the most widely practiced style worldwide. Yang style features large, graceful movements performed at a steady, slow pace with consistent rhythm. The forms are performed in higher stances than Chen style, making them more accessible to beginners and older practitioners. Yang style emphasizes relaxation and internal development over obvious martial applications.

Wu Style (Wu/Hao) - Created in the 19th century by Wu Yuxiang (Approx 1812-1880), this style is characterized by compact movements with small circles. It emphasizes internal development and correct body alignment, with movements that are smaller and more subtle than Yang style.

Wu Style (Wu) - Founded by Wu Quanyu (1834-1902) and his son Wu Jianquan (1870-1942), this style resembles Yang style but features a very distinctive forward lean in many postures. The steps are smaller, and the hand movements have unique circular characteristics.

Sun Style - The newest of the major styles, developed in the early 20th century by Sun Lutang (1860-1933). Sun style incorporates elements from Bagua and Xingyi (two other internal martial arts), featuring quick, agile stepping and a higher stance, making it accessible for people with joint problems.

Beyond these main styles, there are many other family variations and modern adaptations, including simplified forms developed for health promotion, competition forms standardised for tournaments, and hybrid styles that blend elements from different traditions. Each style offers its own benefits, and the choice often comes down to personal preference, available teachers, and individual physical capabilities.